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发表于 2017-5-5 11:23:25
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http://www.cs.umd.edu/~gasarch/COURSES/209/F13/China.pdf
这篇报告,也阐述了鸦片战争的起源:
Silver Trade
There was a huge demand for Chinese tea in Britain
• British silver supply couldn’t pay for the amount of luxury goods from China that British citizens wanted
• Resulted in continuous trade deficits and a trade imbalance that was unfavorable to the British
• Qing hoarded silver – Inflated value of silver even higher
Opium Trade
In 1817, China started allowing British to trade opium
• Initially good for China - allowed Britain to double tea exports, increasing Chinese tax revenue
• From 1820s through 1830s, opium trade explodes
• Reversed trade balance, silver began flowing out of China
Ending Opium Trade
• Outflow of silver was hurting Chinese economy
• In 1839, Qing Emperor appointed Lin Zexu as governor of Canton
• Lin Zexu banned sale of opium and demanded that all opium be surrendered to Chinese authorities
• Also forbid British from trading in China unless they signed a bond, under penalty of death, promising
not to smuggle opium. |
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