Not being greedy is a treasure-不贪为宝

popo11 · 发表于 2017-3-1 10:54:19

written by GARY ASHKENAZY

The inscription bu tan wei bao (不貪為寶) is written in seal script and translates as “not being greedy is a treasure”.

The phrase is a reference to a story in the Zuo Zuan (左传), also known as the “Commentary of Zuo”, which is a very ancient text describing historical events during the period 722 BC – 478 BC of the Spring and Autumn Period.

The story appears in the book’s “Fifteenth Year of Duke Xiang” 《左传·襄公十五年》as follows:

宋人或得玉，献诸子罕。子罕弗受。献玉者曰：“以示玉人，玉人以为宝也，故敢献之。”子罕曰：“我以不贪为宝，尔以玉为宝，若以与我，皆丧宝也。不若人有其宝。

The story is about Zi Han (子罕), a high government official of the state of Song, who was known to be virtuous and wise.

One day, a peasant came to see him. The peasant had found a stone which an expert had confirmed was a valuable piece of jade. The peasant wanted to present this treasure to Zi Han.

Zi Han, however, refused to accept the jade.

Zi Han said to the peasant, “You consider the jade to be a treasure while I consider ‘not being greedy’ to be a treasure.  If I receive the jade, you will have lost your treasure and I, too, will have lost my treasure.  It would be better if both of us keep our own personal treasures.”

The objects with the curled ends are meant to represent sycee or silver ingots (yuan bao 元宝) which were a form of money in ancient China.

The square objects that resemble windows are actually the Chinese character tian (田) which means “field” as in farm land.  Land was also a symbol of wealth in ancient China.

Liu Xiang (刘向), a government official and scholar during the Han Dynasty, wrote a commentary on the story.

Liu Xiang explained that it was not that Zi Han did not have treasures but that “treasure” meant something different to him.

Liu Xiang illustrated his point as follows：

If one were to offer a small child a cake or gold, the child would pick the cake.  If one were to offer a “lower-class” man the legendary “Jade of He” (和氏璧) or gold, the man would definitely take the gold.

However, if one were to offer a wise man the valuable “Jade of He” or a moral principle, the wise man would choose the moral principle.

“今以百金与抟黍以示儿子，儿子必取抟黍矣；以和氏之璧与百金以示鄙人，鄙人必取百金矣；以和氏之璧与道德之至言，以示贤者，贤者必取至言矣。其知弥精，其取弥精。其知弥粗，其取弥粗。子罕之所宝者至矣。”——《新序二则》

According to Liu Xiang, the better one understands the true nature of things, the better choice one will make.